Predictors of postoperative complication after craniotomy

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Nursing Specialist of Neurosurgery Assiut University Hospital, Egypt.

2 Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt.

3 Associate Professor of Nursing Critical Care and Emergency, Faculty of Nursing, Assuit University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Craniotomy is a common neurosurgical procedure for brain tumors and other intracranial disorders. Despite advances in surgery and perioperative care, complications remain a risk. Frailty and preoperative functional status are key predictors, with frail patients facing higher rates of complications and prolonged hospitalization. Aim of study: Assess predictors of postoperative complications after craniotomy. Research design: A descriptive research design was used in this study. Setting: The Neurosurgery Intensive Care and Intermediate Care Units at the Assiut University Hospital for Neuropsychiatric Sciences and Neurosurgery. Patients: (80) male and female patients undergoing craniotomy operation. Tools: Patient assessment questionnaire and assessment of the clinical and functional outcomes of patients undergoing craniotomy, with a particular focus on neurological and non-neurological complications. Results: Smoking was not significantly associated with neurological or non-neurological complications (P = 0.90). Comorbidities increased the likelihood of postoperative complications, but without statistical significance for neurological (P = 0.13, OR = 2.054) or non-neurological complications (P = 0.12, OR = 2.909). Pre-ventilator dependence also showed no significant association with complications (P = 0.30 and P = 0.56). Conclusions: Craniotomy carries risks, with frailty and preoperative status strongly impacting outcomes. While smoking and ventilator dependence have less effect, optimizing perioperative care and refining predictive models are key to improving recovery. Recommendation: Careful monitoring of patients undergoing elective craniotomy may help minimize postoperative complications.

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